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Turkmenistan possesses vast quantities of oil and the world’s fifth largest natural gas reserves, but 80% of the country is desert and just 1% is irrigable for arable use. After independence in 1992, a former Communist leader became the nationalist dictator for 21 years, crushing all opposition, and keeping the majority of the population in poverty.
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Turkmenistan is made up mainly of desert and has the smallest population of the five former Soviet republics in Central Asia. It possesses the world's fifth largest reserves of natural gas, and has substantial deposits of oil. Yet it is still impoverished, and since independence from the Soviet Union in 1991 has remained largely closed to the outside world.
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Turkmenistan
